Between brackets is the number of accepted extant species

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Shows the number of accepted extant species within the taxon
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- Biota (879)
- Kingdom Animalia (681)
- Kingdom Bacteria (5)
- Kingdom Chromista (179)
- Subkingdom Hacrobia (4)
- Subkingdom Harosa (91)
- Phylum Bacillariophyta
- Phylum Heterokontophyta (84)
- Subphylum Bacillariophytina (84)
- Class Bacillariophyceae (84)
- Subclass Bacillariophyceae incertae sedis
- Subclass Bacillariophycidae (22)
- Subclass Coscinodiscophycidae (57)
- Superorder Biddulphianae (5)
- Superorder Chaetocerotanae (18)
- Superorder Corethranae (1)
- Superorder Coscinodiscanae (16)
- Order Aulacoseirales (2)
- Order Coscinodiscales (9)
- Order Ethmodiscales
- Order Melosirales (4)
- Order Orthoseirales
- Family Orthoseiraceae Crawford
- Genus Orthoseira G.H.K. Thwaites, 1848
- Order Paraliales (1)
- Superorder Cymatosirophycanae
- Superorder Lithodesmiophycanae
- Superorder Rhizosolenianae (7)
- Superorder Thalassiosiranae (10)
- Subclass Fragilariophycidae (5)
- Kingdom Plantae (14)
- Kingdom Protozoa